Item 4 — Purpose of Transaction
The Reporting Person's purpose of acquiring these securities is for investment purposes. The Reporting Person intends to engage, or has engaged, in discussions with the Issuer and its management and/or board of directors regarding the Issuer's financial performance, strategic direction, operational matters, and corporate governance practices. On June 30, 2026, the Issuer and V-Co 4 entered into a Securities Purchase Agreement where the Issuer sold to V-Co 4 in a private placement: (i) 2,749,330 shares of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock ("Convertible Preferred Stock"), and (ii) a Common Stock Purchase Warrant ("Common Stock Warrant") to purchase up to 2,749,330 shares of Common Stock ("Warrant Shares"). In compliance with the listing rules of the Nasdaq Stock Market LLC, V-Co 4 purchased the Shares at a purchase price of $0.582 per share. The Common Stock Warrant is immediately exercisable with a five-year term from the date of purchase and has an exercise price of $0.456 per share. V-Co 4 is prohibited from converting such Convertible Preferred Stock and exercising such Common Stock Warrants if it results in V-Co 4 or its affiliates owning in excess of 19.99% of the then outstanding Common Stock of the Issuer. Accordingly, for purposes of this Schedule 13D, only 86,979 of the shares of Common Stock underlying the Convertible Preferred Stock and Common Stock Warrant purchased by V-Co 4 in the private placement are deemed to be beneficially owned by V-Co 4. See Item 5 for a description of all of the securities that the Reporting Persons may acquire upon conversion or exercise of such securities, without regard to the beneficial ownership limitations described herein. Other than as described above, the Reporting Persons do not have any current plans or proposals which relate to, or would result in, (a) any acquisition by any person of additional securities of the Issuer, or the disposition of securities of the Issuer; (b) any extraordinary corporate transaction, such as a merger, reorganization or liquidation, involving the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries;(c) any sale or transfer of a material amount of assets of the Issuer or any of its subsidiaries; (d) any change in the present board of directors or management of the Issuer, including any plans or proposals to change the number or term of directors or to fill any existing vacancies on the board; (e) any material change in the present capitalization or dividend policy of the Issuer; (f) any other material change in the Issuer's business or corporate structure, including but not limited to, if the Issuer is a registered closed-end investment company, any plans or proposals to make any changes in its investment policy for which a vote is required by Section 13 of the Investment Company Act of 1940; (g) any change in the Issuer's charter, bylaws or instruments corresponding thereto or other actions which may impede the acquisition of control of the issuer by any person; (h) causing a class of securities of the Issuer to be delisted from a national securities exchange or to cease to be authorized to be quoted in an inter-dealer quotation system of a registered national securities association; (i) a class of equity securities of the Issuer becoming eligible for termination of registration pursuant to section 12(g)(4) of the Act; or (j) any action similar to any of those enumerated above.